Exercise for Type 2 Diabetes Management - Unveiling the Incredible Benefits
Aaron Dean - Exercise Physiologist / Strength Coach
Type 2 Diabetes and how it affects us
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is typified by excessive glucose in the bloodstream, otherwise known as hyperglycemia (Sampath Kumar et al., 2019). This is linked to impaired metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates along with either insufficient insulin secretion or lowered sensitivity to the metabolic effects of insulin.
Muscle cells are damaged by hyperglycemia, which leads to a loss of mass and strength (Sampath Kumar et al., 2019). A significant indicator of physical function limitation and disability in T2D is loss of muscle strength.
High levels of glucose and triglycerides in the bloodstream are caused by reduced insulin sensitivity, also known as insulin resistance (IR). This affects the muscle cells' capacity to absorb and store glucose and triglycerides.
IR can lead to many health conditions. Conditions such as Visceral adiposity (excess weight), glucose intolerance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, and high levels of inflammatory markers are frequently associated with IR. It has also been demonstrated that IR increases the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease in people with T2D considerably.
The benefits of exercise
Physical activity and exercise training are regarded as essential components in the management and prevention of T2D. Exercise helps with glycemic control, enhances muscle strength, body composition, aerobic capacity, and endothelial functions, and reduces insulin resistance.
1. Glycemic Control
One of the most significant advantages of exercise for individuals with Type 2 diabetes is improved glycemic (blood glucose) control (Kanaley et al., 2022). Physical activity results in better glycemic control, reduced IR and the risk of developing the health conditions associated with IR. Regular exercise, under the guidance of an experienced exercise physiologist, can lead to more stable blood sugar levels and potentially reduce the need for medication.
2. Weight Management
Up to 80% of people with T2D are classified as overweight or obese. Many more have mobility issues or other medical conditions that may also affect them (Sampath Kumar et al., 2019). Due to this, completing the right volume and intensity of exercises can be difficult. This is where seeking the help of a university-trained Exercise Physiologist will ensure you are getting the most out of your exercise program.
3. Psychological Well-being
Living with Type 2 diabetes can be emotionally challenging, but group exercise programs offer a supportive environment where individuals can connect with others facing similar struggles. Exercise has been proven to compare favourably to other treatments for depression as an effective antidepressant intervention (Morres et al., 2018). Group sessions foster camaraderie, motivation, and a sense of belonging, empowering participants to overcome obstacles and stay committed to their health goals.
4. Cardiovascular Health
Cardiovascular diseases are a common complication for people with type 2 diabetes. Exercise can reduce cardiovascular risk factors and favourably affect blood pressure for all people (Amanat et al., 2020). Exercise programs that incorporate both aerobic and resistance training exercises are likely the most effective in promoting heart health and reducing the risk of complications associated with diabetes.
5. Lifestyle Modification
Type 2 diabetes management extends beyond exercise; it requires comprehensive lifestyle changes. Group exercise programs serve as a catalyst for adopting healthier habits, such as improved dietary choices and increased physical activity outside of structured sessions. Getting the right help with your exercise program can create confidence and comfort, making exercise habits easier to maintain.
How WASportsMed can help
WASportsMed is offering group exercise classes for people with Type 2 Diabetes. The classes are open to anyone with Type 2 Diabetes. People with Type 2 Diabetes and an eligible referral from their GP are able to receive a medicare rebate on their assessment and up to 8 group classes each year.
How it works
Following a thorough initial assessment with an Accredited Exercise Physiologist. Each participant will receive an individualized exercise program based on their specific needs. During the Type 2 Diabetes Group Classes each person will receive supervision from an Accredited Exercise Physiologist to make sure their exercises are performed safely and effectively.
If you or someone you know is living with Type 2 Diabetes, consider joining a group exercise program at our health and performance facility.
Contact us today to book your initial assessment. Together, we can embark on a journey towards better health and vitality.
References:
- Amanat, S., Ghahri, S., Dianatinasab, A., Fararouei, M., & Dianatinasab, M. (2020). Exercise and type 2 diabetes. In Advances in experimental medicine and biology (pp. 91–105). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1792-1_6
- Kanaley, J. A., Colberg, S. R., Corcoran, M. H., Malin, S. K., Rodriguez, N. R., Crespo, C. J., Kirwan, J. P., & Zierath, J. R. (2022a). Exercise/physical activity in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A consensus statement from the American College of Sports Medicine. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 54(2), 353–368. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000002800
- Kumar, A. S., Maiya, A. G., Shastry, B. A., Vaishali, K., Ravishankar, N., Hazari, A., ... & Jadhav, R. (2019). Exercise and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 62(2), 98-103.
- Morres, I. D., Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Stathi, A., Comoutos, N., Arpin-Cribbie, C., Krommidas, C., & Theodorakis, Y. (2018b). Aerobic exercise for adult patients with major depressive disorder in mental health services: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Depression and Anxiety, 36(1), 39–53. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22842